The TKR

Binali Yıldırım is a significant figure in modern Turkish politics, known for his close alliance with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his role in shaping Turkey’s infrastructure and political landscape. As the last Prime Minister of Turkey before the country transitioned to a presidential system, Yıldırım’s career reflects both his technical expertise and his political adaptability. Early Life and Education Binali Yıldırım was born on December 20, 1955, in Refahiye, Erzincan Province, Turkey. Coming from a modest background, Yıldırım pursued an education in naval architecture and marine engineering at Istanbul Technical University, later earning a master’s degree in shipbuilding and

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Introduction Necmettin Erbakan is widely recognized as the father of political Islam in Turkey. As a visionary leader, academic, and politician, he played a pivotal role in shaping Turkey’s modern political landscape. Erbakan was not only a skilled engineer but also a strong advocate for blending Islamic values with governance, challenging the rigidly secular framework established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. His political journey, marked by resilience and ideological clarity, continues to influence Turkish politics and the rise of conservative parties in the country. Early Life and Education Necmettin Erbakan was born on October 29, 1926, in Sinop, Turkey. He grew

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Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is one of the most influential and controversial political leaders in modern Turkey. Known for his charismatic leadership, strong political strategies, and transformative role in Turkish politics, Erdoğan has shaped the nation’s domestic policies and foreign relations for decades. As the current President of Turkey, his journey from a modest background to the highest political office reflects resilience, ambition, and determination. Early Life and Education Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was born on February 26, 1954, in Kasımpaşa, a working-class neighborhood in Istanbul. His family originally hailed from the Black Sea region of Rize. Coming from a humble background,

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Early Life and Education Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, born in 1881 in Salonica (modern-day Thessaloniki, Greece), was the son of Ali Rıza Efendi, a customs officer, and Zübeyde Hanım, a devout and strong-willed mother. His childhood was marked by both hardship and ambition. Losing his father at a young age, Mustafa Kemal was raised with discipline and resilience. He began his education at a local primary school before enrolling in military institutions, where his leadership skills and intelligence quickly became evident. At the Monastir Military High School and later at the Ottoman Military Academy in Istanbul, he excelled in mathematics and

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